An in-depth Study on the impacts of Operation Murambatsvina Effects on property The effects on people’s livelihoods were equally dramatic. The greater majority reported that the Operation had affected their livelihoods, with significant percentages reporting being registered and paying rates. As can also be seen, a large number reported being assaulted whilst in police custody, and the exceeding of the statutory maximum for detention seemed common also. Effects on livelihoods Proportion [%] 70% 36% 47% 84% 5 - 11 days 40% 2.8 - 15 days 27% 43% 43% Operation interfered with livelihood Registered traders Traders paying rates to council Traders not given notice Mean days given as notice to stop trading Traders arrested Period in police custody Assaulted in police custody Deaths/injuries as a result of demolitions Deaths/injuries as a result of police actions Losses It is no small matter to estimate the losses of those affected by Operation Murambatsvina, and, as we noted earlier, there are very discrepant estimates to date. Actual reported losses of earnings & property Loss of earnings Loss of property The table adjacent reports the actual Total reported Z$5,482,817,867.00 Z$23,463,846,404.00 figures obtained from Average reported Z$6,661,990.12 Z$30,832,912.49 the present survey. Extrapolating these figures to the larger survey conducted by ActionAid, 69% represents 16,223 households with lost earnings, whilst 63% represents 14,812 households with losses of property. Now as can be seen from the table below, these figures are very similar to those previously reported by ActionAid. N=823[69%] n=761[63%] If, however, the estimate is based on the population, and assuming that at least 2 persons were economically active in each household, then the estimated losses are much higher. Of course, it is not assumed that the property losses alter, only the earnings. Then the estimate for loss of earnings is around Z$3,975,109,573,476, with a total of Z$4,431,806,673,260 [US$2,685,943,438]. vii