14
respect applies to all such rights. In practice, some human rights may be
at greater risk than others in particular industries or contexts, and therefore
will be the focus of heightened attention. However, situations may change,
so all human rights should be the subject of periodic review.
An authoritative list of the core internationally recognized human rights
is contained in the International Bill of Human Rights (consisting of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the main instruments through
which it has been codified: the International Covenant on Civil and Political
Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights), coupled with the principles concerning fundamental rights in the
eight ILO core conventions as set out in the Declaration on Fundamental
Principles and Rights at Work. These are the benchmarks against which
other social actors assess the human rights impacts of business enterprises.
The responsibility of business enterprises to respect human rights is distinct
from issues of legal liability and enforcement, which remain defined largely
by national law provisions in relevant jurisdictions.
Depending on circumstances, business enterprises may need to consider
additional standards. For instance, enterprises should respect the human
rights of individuals belonging to specific groups or populations that require
particular attention, where they may have adverse human rights impacts
on them. In this connection, United Nations instruments have elaborated
further on the rights of indigenous peoples; women; national or ethnic,
religious and linguistic minorities; children; persons with disabilities; and
migrant workers and their families. Moreover, in situations of armed conflict
enterprises should respect the standards of international humanitarian law.
13.
The responsibility to respect human rights requires that business
enterprises:
(a)
Avoid causing or contributing to adverse human rights impacts
through their own activities, and address such impacts when they
occur;
(b) Seek to prevent or mitigate adverse human rights impacts that are
directly linked to their operations, products or services by their
business relationships, even if they have not contributed to those
impacts.
Select target paragraph3
Add to table of contents