Challenges
for
the
Opposition
The
opposition
political
forces,
deeply
divided
as
they
are,
are
likely
to
be
further
weakened
by
these
events.
Their
first
reaction
to
the
coup
was
for
the
most
part,
one
of
approval.
The
Secretary
General
of
the
MDC-‐Tsvangirai
applauded
it:
‘We
are
happy
with
what
the
army
has
done.
It
has
done
a
good
thing’.33
Even
at
a
later
date,
when
they
had
more
time
to
reflect
on
these
events,
the
response
of
the
opposition
was
at
best
ambivalent.
After
Mnangagwa
paid
a
courtesy
call
on
Morgan
Tsvangirai,
who
is
suffering
with
colon
cancer,
the
latter
called
on
the
new
administration
to
‘earn
legitimacy
through
free,
fair
and
credible
elections.’
However,
he
also
looked
forward
to
a
partnership
with
the
new
regime:
My
engagement
with
President
Mnangagwa
must
herald
a
new
page
in
our
policies
-‐
a
page
in
which
the
opposition
is
considered
a
partner
and
not
an
enemy
of
state.
The
visit
can
be
built
upon
by
truly
well-‐meaning
Zimbabweans
to
herald
a
new
politics
of
engagement
in
our
country.34
In
the
changed
political
context,
the
opposition
forces
face
three
challenges.
Firstly,
the
cumulative
effects
of
state
repression,
violence,
state
infiltration,
the
effects
of
repeated
party
splits
and
the
loss
of
financial
support
from
former
donors,
has
greatly
weakened
the
structures
and
capacity
of
the
various
MDC
formations
since
the
emergence
of
the
first
MDC
in
1999.
The
serious
illness
of
the
central
figure
of
the
opposition,
Morgan
Tsvangirai,
has
also
exacerbated
the
succession
tensions
within
his
party
and
cast
serious
doubts
over
his
role
in
the
2018
elections.
Secondly,
the
persistent
challenges
around
uniting
the
opposition
and
attempts
to
build
an
electoral
alliance
to
confront
Mnangagwa
Junta
in
2018
appear
likely
to
persist.
At
present
there
are
three
opposition
alliances:
• MDC
Alliance
led
by
Morgan
Tsvangirai
and
composed
of
the
MDC-‐T,
MDC
(Ncube),
a
faction
of
the
PDP
led
by
Tendai
Biti,
Zim
PF,
Transform
Zimbabwe,
Zanu
Ndonga,
and
the
Multi-‐Racial
Christian
Democrats.
• People’s
Rainbow
Coalition
led
by
Joice
Mujuru
and
including
the
NPP,
and
faction
of
the
PDP
led
by
Lucia
Matibenga,
ZUNDE
and
DARE.
• CODE
led
by
a
former
MDC
leader
Elton
Mangoma
and
includes
what
appear
to
be
a
very
precarious
alliance
with
Zapu.
Since
the
split
in
the
original
MDC
in
2005,35
attempts
to
build
electoral
alliances
in
2008
and
2013
failed,
as
Beardsworth
points
out,
due
to
several
factors.
These
included:
“vested
interests,
competition
over
constituencies
in
the
opposition
heartlands
and
a
fear
by
these
party
functionaries
that
they
would
lose
their
‘special
status’
within
their
parties
and
within
their
ethnic
homelands”.36
33
‘Tsvangirai,
Mutsvangwa
jet
in’.
NewsDay
16/11/17.
Statement
by
Morgan
Tsvangirai
President
of
the
MDC-‐T/MDC
Alliance,
08/01/18.
35
B.
Raftopoulos,
‘Reflections
on
Opposition
Politics
in
Zimbabwe:
The
Politics
of
the
Movement
for
Democratic
Change’,
in
B.
Raftopoulos
and
K.
Alexander
(eds),
Reflections
on
Democratic
Politics
in
Zimbabwe,
Cape
Town,
Institute
of
Justice
and
Reconciliation,
2006.
36
N.
Beardsworth,
‘Opposition
Coordination
in
Zimbabwe’s
Polarised
System’.
Unpublished
paper
2017.
34
10