“publish”, in relation to a defamatory statement, means to make a statement to any person other than the person defamed or the spouse of the person who makes the statement. 93 Kidnapping or unlawful detention (1) Any person who (a) deprives an adult of his or her freedom of bodily movement, intending to cause such deprivation or realising that there is a real risk or possibility that such deprivation may result; or (b) not being the lawful custodian of the child concerned (i) deprives a child of his or her freedom of bodily movement, intending to cause such deprivation or realising that there is a real risk or possibility that such deprivation may result; or (ii) detains or keeps a child, intending to deprive the child’s lawful custodian of his or her control over the child or realising that there is a real risk or possibility that such deprivation may result; shall be guilty of kidnapping or unlawful detention and liable A. to imprisonment for life or any shorter period, except in a case referred to in subparagraph B; or B. where the kidnapping or unlawful detention was committed in the mitigating circumstances referred to in paragraph (b) of subsection (3), to a fine not exceeding level seven or imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years or both. (2) An accused may be convicted of kidnapping or unlawful detention (a) whatever the manner in which the accused deprived the adult or child of his or her freedom of bodily movement or the lawful custodian of his or her control, whether by the use of threats or force or by the use of fraudulent misrepresentation or otherwise; and (b) whatever the period over which the accused deprived the adult or child of his or her freedom of bodily movement or the lawful custodian of his or her control. (3) In determining an appropriate sentence to be imposed upon a person convicted of kidnapping or unlawful detention, and without limitation on any other factors or circumstances which a court may take into account (a) a court shall regard it as an aggravating circumstance if (i) the kidnapping or unlawful detention was accompanied or motivated by the demand of a ransom for the safe return of the adult or child; or (ii) the kidnapping or unlawful detention was accompanied by violence or the threat of violence; (b) a court shall regard it as a mitigating circumstance if, in the case of the kidnapping or unlawful detention of a child, the accused is a parent of or closely related to the child and the kidnapping or unlawful detention was not accompanied by violence or the threat of violence. 94 Pledging of female persons (1) A lawful custodian or relative of a female person who (a) at a time when the female person is under the age of eighteen years, or without her consent, hands her over to another person as compensation for the death of a relative of that other person, or as compensation for any debt or obligation; or (b) at a time when the female person is under the age of eighteen years, or without her consent, enters into an arrangement whereby the female person is promised in marriage to any man, whether for any consideration or not; or (c) by force or intimidation compels or attempts to compel a female person to enter into a marriage against her will, whether in pursuance of an arrangement referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) or otherwise; shall be guilty of pledging a female person and liable to a fine up to or exceeding level fourteen or imprisonment for a period not exceeding two years or both. (2) Any party to an arrangement or marriage referred to in subsection (1) may be charged as an accomplice to pledging a female person. 95 Criminal insult (1) Any person who, by words or conduct (a) seriously impairs the dignity of another person; or (b) seriously invades the privacy of another person; shall be guilty of criminal insult if he or she intended his or her words or conduct to have an effect referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) or if he or she realised that there was a real risk or possibility that his or her words or conduct might have such an effect, and shall be liable to a fine not exceeding level six or imprisonment for a period not exceeding one year or both. (2) In deciding whether an impairment of dignity or invasion of privacy is sufficiently serious to constitute the crime of criminal insult, a court shall take into account the following factors in addition to any others that are relevant in the particular case (a) the nature of the words or conduct; (b) the extent to which the words were repeated or the conduct was persisted in, as the case may be; (c) the age and sex of the person whose dignity was impaired or privacy was invaded;