From Guatemala case study, the emerging themes included: ► The complexity of victim identities ► The importance of parallel truth-telling, data collection, and memorialisation mechanisms ► The importance of establishing historical clarifications and archives Practical Questions In Guatemala the naming of perpetrators was avoided so that people would feel safe to testify. However, the NPRC may find it necessary to name perpetrators or risk failing in its mandate. Many believe that “truth” is contingent upon the naming of perpetrators, whether individuals or institutions. It was argued during the discussion that a victim-centred process was necessary and this can be achieved by engaging in institutional and structural reform, which will result in public institutions that are professional and accountable. Lessons Learned ► Assessment of the legitimacy of the NPRC was important. ► A process parallel to the national process is valuable in instances where state institutions are compromised. This can be achieved through initiatives such as: • The historical process of truth and documentation of history • Victim protection to provide confidence to testify ► The efficacy of the Hybrid Commission (International and Local Commissioners) needs to be evaluated. This, however, needs to be addressed innovatively for the Zimbabwe situation. ► Civil Society Organisations can build on prior documentation and reconciliation work ► The necessity for capacity building, skills and training for dealing with the past in order to: • Analyze policies • Critique legislation • Adopt sustainable advocacy activities ► The setting-up of a National Reparations Committee would be important for the management and distribution of reparations. Truth Commissions: the Best Practices 13