total of 274 cases of post election violence. The violence was in the form of assaults (58); abductions (17); torture (4); politically motivated rape (3); harassment and intimidation (60), arbitrary arrests (51); extra- judicial killings (7); malicious damage of property (10); sexual torture (3); displacement (28); attack on human rights defenders (3); home and office raids (8); partisan distribution of food aid and agricultural inputs (6), attacks on journalists (7); and disrupted meetings (4). The main perpetrators of retributive violence in the rural areas were mainly ZANU PF supporters and traditional leaders. The chart below is a summary of the perpetrators of the post election violence. FIGURE 1: Perpetrators of violence by institution affiliation 1- 31 August 2018 Series1, Series1, CIO, Series1, Suspected State 2, 1% MDC-A, agents, 9, 4% Series1, 3, 1% Traditional Leaders, 8, 4% Series1, Unknown, 14, 6% Series1, ZANU PF, 55, 26% Series1, ZRP, 44, 21% Series1, ZNA, 79, 37% The ZNA were the main perpetrators of the post election violence accounting for 37% of the violence, followed by ZANU PF which accounted for 26%, ZRP 21%, Unknown 6%, traditional leaders and suspected State agents accounted for 4% and the MDCAlliance and the CIO accounted for 1% of the post elections violence. The ZNA was also responsible for the seven (7) extra- judicial killings and also for the 42 of the 58 cases of assaults. In Harare’s high-density suburbs, for example in Chitungwiza and Kuwadzana community members were assaulted by man in military uniforms who were moving around the suburbs in military trucks. The army and 40