Gender Discrimination: Providing differential treatment to individuals on the grounds of their sex. This involves systemic and structural discrimination against women or men in the distribution of income, access to resources, and participation in decision making. Gender Division of Labour: An overall societal pattern where women are allotted one set of gender roles and men allotted another. This division is not based on skills, but on the basis of sex. Gender Equality: Requires equal enjoyment by women and men of socially valued goods, opportunities, resources and rewards. Achieving gender equality requires changes in the institutional practices and social relations through which disparities are reinforced and sustained. Gender Equity: A just distribution of benefits and rewards between men and women. Gender Gap: Is a disproportionate difference or disparity between the sexes. Conventional wisdom is that differences between boys and girls in mathematics and science are not a matter of biology; any observable differences are influences of the social environment. Gender Planning: The formulation of specific strategies, which aim to provide equal opportunities and benefits for both women and men. Gender Relations: Social relationships between men and women. They are simultaneously relations of cooperation, connection, and mutual support, and of conflict, separation and competition, of difference and inequality. Gender relations are concerned with how power is distributed between sexes. They vary according to time and place, and between different groups of people. Gender Role Stereotyping: The constant portrayal (in media, the press, or in education), of women and men occupying certain roles according to the socially constructed gender division of labour and expectations of behaviour. Gender Roles: A social system of role classification, as opposed to a biological one. Gender roles are contrasted with sex roles, which cannot be interchanged between sexes. Gender Sensitive Planning: Planning that takes into consideration the impact of policies and programs on women and men. Gender Sensitivity: The ability to recognize gender needs and constraints and the ability to recognize men and women’s different perceptions and interests arising from their different social positioning. Gender Training: The provision of format learning experiences and skills in order to increase gender analysis and awareness skills which serve to recognize and address issues in the programming process. 25