References i WHO (2003), Mental health in emergencies: mental and social aspects of health of populations exposed to extreme stressors. Geneva: Department of Mental Health and Substance Dependence. WHO. ii See Mollica ,R F, Lopes Cardozo, B, Osofsky, H J, Raphael, B, Ager,A, & Salama, P(2004), Mental health in complex emergencies, LANCET, 364: 2058–67. iii Mollica, R F, Guerra, R, Bhasin, R, Lavelle, J (Eds), BOOK OF BEST PRACTICES. TRAUMA AND THE ROLE OF MENTAL HEALTH IN POST-CONFLICT RECOVERY. December 3-4, 2004, Rome. Project 1 Billion. International Congress of Ministers of Health for Mental Health and Post-Conflict Recovery. iv There is an extravagantly large literature dealing with the effects of organized violence and torture, but the interested reader is referred to the article mentioned above. Here see again Mollica ,R F, Lopes Cardozo, B, Osofsky, H J, Raphael, B, Ager,A, & Salama, P(2004), Mental health in complex emergencies, LANCET, 364: 2058–67. v Leff, J (1988), Psychiatry around the globe: a transcultural view. Gaskell and Royal College of Psychiatrists, London; Kleinman, A (1988), Rethinking Psychiatry: from cultural category to personal experience. Free press, New York. vi See again Steel, Z., Chey, T., Silove, D., Marnane. C., Bryant, R.A., & van Ommeren, M (2009), Association of Torture and Other Potentially Traumatic Events With Mental Health Outcomes Among Populations Exposed to Mass Conflict and Displacement. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, JAMA, 302, 537-549. vii Amani (1996), An Investigation into the Sequelae of Torture and Organised Violence in Zimbabwean war veterans, HARARE: AMANI; Amani (1998), Survivors of Torture and Organised Violence from the 1970 War of Liberation, HARARE: AMANI. viii Reeler, A.P., Mbape,P., Matshona,J., Mhetura,J., & Hlatywayo,E. (2001), The prevalence and nature of disorders due to torture in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe, TORTURE, 11, 4-9. ix Reeler, A.P., & Mupinda, M.(1996), Investigation into the sequelae of Torture and Organised Violence amongst Zimbabwean War Veterans, LEGAL FORUM, 8, 12-27. x Amani Trust (1998), Survivors of Organised Violence in Matabeleland: Facilitating an Agenda for Development - Report of the Workshop, BULAWAYO: AMANI TRUST. xi Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum (2000), Who is responsible? A preliminary analysis of pre-election violence in Zimbabwe, HARARE: ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS NGO FORUM; Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum (2001), Human Rights and Zimbabwe‘s June 2000 election, HARARE: ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS NGO FORUM; Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum (2001), Who was responsible? A consolidated analysis of pre-election violence in Zimbabwe, HARARE: ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS NGO FORUM; Amnesty International (2000), Zimbabwe: Terror tactics in the run-up to the parliamentary elections, June 2000, LONDON: AMNESTY INTERNATIONAL; Amani (2002), Organised Violence and Torture in the June 2000 General Election in Zimbabwe, HARARE: AMANI TRUST.