PANEL 1 Recent developments in international accountability for conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence The first panel looked at recent developments globally in terms of accountability for conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence. Panellists from the ICC, UN Women and civil society discussed developments in terms of the Women, Peace and Security Agenda, the ICC Office of the Prosecutor’s Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-based Crimes, and broader successes, challenges and directions going forward in terms of accountability for sexual and gender-based violence. Highlighting the effects of conflict on women, panellists spoke to the need to foster peace globally and spoke to the distinctions between sexual and gender-based violence. The panellists emphasised the importance of the involvement of multiple stakeholders (victims, states, NGOs, international government organisations) so as to address sexual and gender-based violence holistically. 1 SHAMILA BATOHI Senior Legal Advisor, Office of the Prosecutor (OTP), International Criminal Court The International Criminal Court’s Sexual and Gender-based Crimes Policy Paper and developments regarding accountability for sexual and gender-based violence at the International Criminal Court Batohi’s central focus was on the perspectives of the Office of the Prosecutor of the ICC (OTP) and its Sexual and Gender-based Crimes Policy Paper, adopted in 2014. Batohi spoke on the evolution of the provisions for sexual violence in international criminal law instruments. She highlighted that, although the Nuremburg trials were the first instance of international accountability for atrocity crimes, their Charter contained no provisions criminalising sexual and gender-based violence. The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia created a precedent in which rape was considered a crime against humanity. Batohi highlighted that the Rome Statute includes many other sexual offences as crimes against humanity and is the 2\ Accountability for conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence: Successes, challenges, narratives, and omissions