Panel 4: Sithembile Mbete, Yassin Brunger, Kelly-Jo Bluen, Claire Kahunde and Christi Kruger. For Kruger, a way in which these identities might be challenged is through reforming the ways in which memory is preserved. Memory, for Kruger, often has lasting impacts on the kinds of narratives produced in postconflict countries. which memory is preserved. Memory, for Kruger, often has lasting impacts on the kinds of narratives produced in post-conflict countries. Kruger emphasised that preventing people’s right to remember is itself a form of violence and that memories must be allowed to be carried over to the next generation to avoid the perpetuation of violence. This is often reflected in the discourse of colonial Africa and conflict. Thus, in essence, Kruger emphasised the importance of addressing atrocities at a social and psychological level to address the ways in which violence reproduces itself in post-conflict societies. Kruger then highlighted that the tension between cultural relativity and universalism is often misunderstood in an unhealthy way. She thus advocated for a de-essentialisation of cultural relativity and universalism, particularly in the application of human rights. In this regard, Kruger emphasised that, in approaches to addressing sexual and gender-based violence, there needs to an understanding of the tensions of universality and cultural relativism and an openness to turn to local forms of knowledge and experience. ck CLAIRE KAHUNDE Project Officer – Legal Affairs, Justice and Reconciliation Project, Advocate of the High Court of Uganda Re-victimisation of survivors of conflict-related sexual and gender-based violence Drawing on a project on which she worked with the Justice and Reconciliation Project that sought to assess the extent of re-victimisation of sexual and gender-based violence survivors in northern Uganda, Kahunde detailed the extent and nature of re-victimisation revealed by the project’s findings, which sought to inform further transitional justice processes in northern Uganda in providing holistic support to victims and survivors of sexual and gender-based violence. Some of the key findings from the assessment include: • that there were manifestations of ongoing re-victimisation among survivors of conflictrelated sexual and gender-based violence. It was established that there is ongoing psychological re-victimisation from family members and PANEL 4: The relationships between narratives around sexual and gender-based violence and accountability processes /15