 The interpretation of the constitution and any other law must put observance of human rights at the center. To establish the strength of the COPAC draft constitution as an effective response to the human rights crisis in Zimbabwe, an analysis of the bill of rights as provided in the COPAC draft’s chapter four is conducted against the above stated standard requirements. Analysis in terms of content Unlike the current constitutional dispensation, this draft provides for a very wide/expansive declaration of rights which will be very useful for Zimbabweans or persons in Zimbabwe as they seek to enforce different types of rights against any of the tiers of government or private persons. Thus, one can claim not only civic and political rights but also the socio- economic and cultural rights which include right to education and access to basic health care. It however does not provide for the right to shelter. The current (Lancaster House) constitution does not provide for socio-economic rights and environmental rights. The COPAC draft provides for environmental rights. This can be useful for Zimbabweans as they seek redress for and protection from hazardous environmental activities by anyone. Environmental rights will also contribute to sustainable development, protecting the right of future generations to benefit from natural resources. Given the discovery of mineral resources, leading to the rise of mining activities in local communities, the provision of environment rights under the COPAC draft could be a very timely constitutional intervention. Justiciability of the rights enshrined Section 4.1 binds the court (as an institution of the state) to respect, protect and promote and fulfill all the rights set out in Chapter 4. This guarantees the justiciability of all the rights in this draft. This means, all the rights enshrined under Chapter 4 can be enforced by a court of law. This augurs very well with regional and international human rights law best practices as seen in the constitutions of South Africa, Kenya and Canada. Application of the bill The declaration of rights can be enforced both vertically and horizontally. Vertically, one can claim any of the given rights against the state or organs of state. Horizontally, one can claim the enforcement of his/her rights against any other private person whether that person is a natural person or a juristic person like a corporate company. This is very much in line with the human rights law standard practice in sound constitutional democracies that include Canada, South Africa and USA. Locus standi (who can claim the enforcement of the rights) Section 4.40 provides for wide and flexible criteria of deciding one’s eligibility/locus standi to claim the enforcement of the given rights. Any of the following persons have such locus standi; 15

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