8 (a) violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; (b) outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment WHEREAS in 1971 ICN endorsed the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights and, hence, accepted that: 1. "Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms, set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status (Art.2), 2. "No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (Art.5)"; and WHEREAS in relation to detainees and prisoners of conscience, interrogation procedures are increasingly being employed which result in ill effects, often permanent, on the person's mental and physical health; THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED that ICN condemns the use of all such procedures harmful to the mental and physical health of prisoners and detainees; and FURTHER BE IT RESOLVED that nurses having knowledge of physical or mental ill-treatment of detainees and prisoners take appropriate action including reporting the matter to appropriate national and/or international bodies; and FURTHER BE IT RESOLVED that nurses participate in clinical research carried out on prisoners, only if the freely given consent of the patient has been secured after a complete explanation and understanding by the patient of the nature and risk of the research; and FINALLY BE IT RESOLVED that the nurse's first responsibility is towards her patients, notwithstanding consideration of national security and interest. Amani Trust Knowledge, attitudes and experiences of nurses on human rights, their violations and medical ethics in Zimbabwe.