Zimbabwe Rule of Law Journal |69 A different approach might be needed in order for Zimbabwe to accommodate the other 13 official minority languages in a way that complies with s 6(1). This different approach may include the use of the other 13 languages in the cities and or towns where they are predominantly spoken. This territorial approach to minority language rights minimises the cost of implementing s 6(1) and reasonably protects minority languages and linguistic minorities in areas where they are concentrated. Another approach may be for Zimbabwe to adopt the Belgian model where official language status is afforded to different languages spoken in different regions.42 Using this model, Shona can be the official language for Harare, Manicaland province and all the Mashonaland provinces. Ndebele can be an official language for Bulawayo and all the Matabeleland provinces. As argued above, other official languages would be excluded. A third approach may be to combine national official language status with regional and municipal (or metropolitan) official language status.43 In this approach, all 16 languages will be official languages as prescribed by s 6(1) but they will be mainly used where the majority of the speakers are concentrated. This approach is reasonable, practical and or rational given Zimbabwe’s language demography. According to Hachipola,44 the following languages are spoken in specified areas in Zimbabwe: Barwe (Nyamaropa, Nyakombu districts in Nyanga and the Muzezuru and Mukosa areas of Mudzi); Chewa/ Nyanja (mines and farms like Alaska, Trojan, Wankie, Shamva, Madziba, Mazoe, Acturus, Antelope, Mangura mines, Triangle, Hippo Valley sugar plantations, Mufakose, Mabvuku, Tafara, Matshobana, Makokoba, Njube, Tshabalala and Luveve); Chikunda (Lower Guruve (Kanyemba and Chikafa) and Muzarabani districts); Doma (Chiramba, Koranzi, Chiyambo, Mugoranapanja and Kuhwe areas of the Guruve District); Fingo/Xhosa (Mbembesi area near Bulawayo, Fort Rixon, Goromonzi (in 42 K Malan K Malan ‘The discretionary nature of the official language clause of the Constitution’ (2011) 26 SA Public Law 381-403. 43 More along the lines of Canada. See K Malan K Malan note 42 381, 400-403. 44 See SJ Hachipola ‘A survey of the minority languages of Zimbabwe’ 1998 25 and I Mumpande ‘Silent voices: Indigenous languages in Zimbabwe’ (2006) 7-9.