Round 7:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
How often felt unsafe walking in neighbourhood
Attend a community meeting
Join others to raise an issue
Member of voluntary association or community group
How often careful what you say
Like, dislike or not care as neighbours: people of different ethnicity
These questions, and all the questions for the other measures, were turned into binary
variables, and all scored in the positive direction. For example, the question on being careful
what you say was scored positive if the response was in the direction of NOT being careful.
This gave an overall score for the presence of social capital of six (6).6
Constructing measures of participation
The other indices were derived as follows:
Lived Poverty (5) – how often have gone without the following: food, water,
medical care, fuel for cooking, cash income;7
Access to information (4) – how often do you use the following: radio,
television, newspaper, internet;
Freedoms (2) – freedom to say what you think, freedom to join any political
organization;
Political Participation (3) – voted in last election, attended a campaign
meeting or rally, and worked for a candidate or party;
Agency (3) – contacted local government councillor, Member of Parliament
(MP), or official of a government agency;
Support for Democracy(2) – support for democracy and extent of
democracy;
Political Trust (8) – trust the following: president, parliament/national
assembly, national electoral commission, local government council, ruling
party, police, army, and courts of law.8
Hypotheses
Given our overall research question – do women in high social capital environments
engage actively in the general political life of Zimbabwe – it was appropriate to generate
some testable hypotheses. These are described as follows:
Access to Information (Info) – Social Capital (SocCap) should be associated
with greater interest in information;
Freedom – Social Capital should be associated with greater perception of
freedoms;
6
This had acceptable reliability: Cronbach’s Alpha – Social Capital (0.91).
Lived Poverty was included in order to check whether possible differences between rural and urban
respondents might be confounded by poverty since Zimbabweans have suffered severe effects from the
economic decline in the past decade or so.
8
These all have strong reliability (Cronbach’s Alpha): Access to Information (0.95); Freedoms (0.99); Political
Participation (0.82); Agency (0.77); Support for Democracy (0.93); Political Trust (0.99).
7
9