CHAPTER 1 THE REPUBLIC, THE CONSTITUTION, NATIONALEMBLEMS AND LANGUAGES 1. The Republic of Zimbabwe The Republic of Zimbabwe is one sovereign and democratic state founded on the following principles and values: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) Supremacy of the constitution and rule of law; The inherent dignity and worth of each human being; The derivation of all legal and political authority of the state from the people, universal adult suffrage, a multi-party system of democratic government and regular, free and fair elections; Equal status of all persons; Respect for fundamental human rights and freedoms; National unity, peace and stability; Devolution of governmental functions and powers to the people in the provinces and other appropriate levels; 2. Supremacy of the Constitution (i) This Constitution is the supreme and fundamental law of Zimbabwe, and if any other law, custom, conduct, practice or measure is inconsistent with this Constitution, that other law, custom, conducts, practice or measure will be void. The obligations imposed by this Constitution must be fulfilled. This Constitution binds all executive, legislative and judicial organs of the state at all levels of government and all other persons. (ii) (iii) 3. National Flag, National Anthem, Public Seal and coat of arms Zimbabwe will have a National Flag, a National Anthem, a Coat of Arms and a Public Seal, details of which will be prescribed in an Act of Parliament. 4. Languages (1) The official languages of Zimbabwe are English, Shona, Ndebele, Venda, Nambya, Shangaan, Kalanga, Suthu and Tonga. (2) English is the language of record. (3) Institutions and agencies of government at every level must(a) ensure that all the official languages are respected and treated equitably; and 18