their homes in Zimbabwe as “widespread.”9 The Stop Violence Against Women Project offers guidance for legislation to combat property grabbing.10 The International Justice Mission, an international NGO working to prevent violence against people living in poverty, works to protect widows from property grabbing in Uganda and Zambia.11 And in 2015, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women decided that that the Tanzanian government should compensate two widows who brought complaints before the committee for property grabbing and called for constitutional and customary law reforms, as well as practical measures to eliminate this type discrimination in Tanzania.12 Globally, many widows face extreme poverty due to a lack of access to pensions or other social protection measures. Global AgeWatch, a publication by HelpAge International, notes that in low- and middle-income countries, just one in four people over 65 receives a pension.13 For older widows, informal labor and breaks in formal employment to care for others over their lifetimes can further reduce contributory pension prospects in countries with such options available. Discrimination, social exclusion, and abuse against widows violates international human rights standards, and over the past decade, a number of NGOs have begun to draw attention to these abuses. Widows for Peace Through Democracy, a global umbrella NGO for widows’ associations and NGOs, has created a Widows Charter “to inform and influence law reform and the drafting of new constitutions in the post-conflict transition period.”14 The Global Fund for Widows, another NGO, provides skills training, job services, 9 “Gender and Land Rights Database: Zimbabwe, customary norms, religious beliefs, and social practices that influence gender-differentiated land rights,” Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, http://www.fao.org/genderlandrights-database/country-profiles/countries-list/customary-law/en/?country_iso3=ZWE (accessed November 13, 2016). 10 “Definition of Property Grabbing and Adverse Possession,” Stop Violence Against Women Project, http://www.stopvaw.org/definition_of_property_grabbing_and_adverse_possession_3 (accessed November 7, 2016). 11 “Property Grabbing,” International Justice Mission, https://www.ijm.org/casework/property-grabbing (accessed November 7, 2016). 12 CEDAW, “Views adopted by the Committee at its sixtieth session (16 February-6 March 2015),” CEDAW/C/60/D/48/2013, April 13, 2015, http://daccess-ods.un.org/access.nsf/Get?Open&DS=CEDAW/C/60/D/48/2013&Lang=E (accessed November 7, 2016). 13 HelpAge International, “Global AgeWatch Index 2015, Insight Report”, 2015, http://reports.helpage.org/global-agewatch- index-2015-insight-report.pdf (accessed September 7, 2016). 14 “Widows for Peace through Democracy,” http://www.widowsforpeace.org (accessed November 9, 2016). “YOU WILL GET NOTHING” 12