ActionAid International Southern Africa Partnership Programme (SAPP-Zimbabwe) 3. SURVEY RESULTS This section sets out to review the impacts of Operation Murambatsvina on people’s livelihoods, property, health, family unit, psychological well being, food security, looking particularly at the effects of the Operation on households and communities and recognising the role of gender relations. Furthermore, the section seeks to explore vulnerability at two levels: household and community. The Zimbabwe “Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order” survey represents a unique opportunity to gain insights into the impact of Operation Murambatsvina on communities and households where the Operation was executed. Therefore the following sections attempt to give a factual account of the impact Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order. 3.1 National impact of Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order Overview Approximately 88% of the 23,511 households surveyed in the high density suburbs of the 6 sites interviewed had been affected by Operation Murambatsvina in varying ways. The most affected areas were Victoria Falls, Harare and Mutare with 99%, 97% and 97%, respectively. Bulawayo and Beitbridge were also affected but to a lesser extent registering 83% and 78%, respectively (Appendix 6.8). Table 2 estimates the total people affected by the operation by areas surveyed (note these figures represent an underestimation because the figures do not represent all wards in Harare, some major towns and growth points were not sampled. However, due to the nature of the Operation, these figures are plausible to represent the main areas affected by the Operation). Table 2: Projection of people affected by Operation Murambatsvina11 Area Affected Proportion Proportion Population12 Total Area Affected population (%) (%) Harare 851,434 71 59 Bulawayo 196,635 16 29 Mutare 92,481 8 54 Kariba 12,793 1 37 Beitbridge 22,920 2 42 Victoria Falls 17,107 2 54 Total population 1,193,370 100 49 The proportion affected in a town is also a good indicator of the severity of the actions taken by the GoZ on its citizens. Using figures from the 2002 census results, the projected number of individuals affected by the Operation was divided into the census results. However, estimates from this study of 6 sites 1,193,370 individuals were affected by the Operation (Table 2). Clearly from the figures captured in Table 2, Harare was the worst affected by the Operation accounting for 71% of the total population followed by Bulawayo (16%). This attributable to the population size of Harare and Bulawayo (refer to section 2.3). Migration to Harare in the last decade has reached unprecedented levels Represents households affected in varying way, single effect and /or multiple effect (compound):- loss of income, shelter, education, property, deterioration in health, increased women vulnerability, disruption of family unit, loss of home based care and anti retroviral treatment. 12 Total population affected in sample*average national household size (4.2)*average households per homestead (3)*the real population in the high density suburbs. However, this does not take into consideration people in transit camps, people that have already relocated and other areas where the operation was effected but not sampled. 11 Zimbabwe Operation Murambatsvina/Restore Order National Survey Report 8