10. Analysis of Violations of Human Rights and Application to Findings 10.1 Political rights Section 67 (2) of the Constitution guarantees each person the right to join and to participate in the activities of a political party or organisation of their choice and also to campaign freely and peacefully for a political party or cause. From the facts and findings there was reciprocal violation of political rights by both complainants and respondents. They felt threatened by the political activities of the other hence the use of violence as a tool for intimidation. 10.2 Equality and non-discrimination Section 56 (1) of the Constitution provides for equality before the law and the right to equal protection and benefit of the law. When reports were made to the Police about the inter-party violence, the law enforcement agency conducted its investigations and made arrests on both sides without consideration of the political party they belonged to. 10.3 Rights of internally displaced persons (IDPs) According to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, internally displaced persons (also known as "IDPs") are "persons or groups of persons who have been forced or obliged to flee or to leave their homes or places of habitual residence, in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflict, situations of generalized violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters, and who have not crossed an internationally recognized border." The Guiding Principles on Rights of Internally Displaced Persons note that arbitrary displacement in the first instance is prohibited (Principles 5-7). Once persons have been displaced, they retain a broad range of economic, social, cultural, civil and political rights, including the right to basic humanitarian assistance (such as food, medicine, shelter), the right to be protected from physical violence, the right to education, freedom of movement and residence, political rights such as the right to participate in public affairs and the right to participate in economic activities (Principles 10-23). Displaced persons also have the right to assistance from competent authorities in voluntary, dignified and safe return, Page 11 of 13