Table 7: Distribution of freedom status, Africa compared to the World World (n=28) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Partly Free 25% 29% 32% 32% 36% 39% 39% 39% 36% Not Free 18% 14% 11% 11% 7% 7% 11% 7% 11% Free 57% 57% 57% 57% 57% 54% 50% 54% 54% As was also noted (section 4.1, African countries in this sample were most frequently transitioning from military-individual rule than any other form of authoritarian government (Table 8). The implication would seem to be that such countries, for whatever reasons, find it harder to transit to open democracy. Table 9: Type of Transition, Africa compared to the rest State creation Collapse Domestic Overthrow Emergence from Civil War Foreign Overthrow Negotiated regime-led Negotiated-Opposition-Led World 14.3% 10.7% 14.3% 0 7.1% 32.1% 21.4% Africa 0 5.3% 21.1% 15.8% 0 31.6% 26.3% Partly Free 63% 58% 58% 58% 68% 63% 58% 53% 475 Africa (n=19) Not Free 16% 21% 21% 32% 16% 21% 26% 26% 37% Free 21% 21% 21% 11% 21% 16% 16% 21% 16% Table 8: Type of Authoritarian regime, Africa compared to the rest. Civil war Civilian-Individual Civilian-Institutional Military-Individual Military-Institutional World 0 17.9% 50% 21.4% 7.1% Africa 15.3% 15.8% 21.1% 47.4% 5.3% As can be seen from Table 9, there were differences between Africa and the rest of the world in the type of transition that took place. However, for both groups, negotiated change was more frequent, over 50% for both groups, and civil war was more common for Africa. However, it is instructive to remember the observation above, that most African countries (53%) transitioned from military rule of one kind or another, were still not regarded as Free, and hence a negotiated transition does not presage an easy path to democracy. 17