(iii) the effect of the provision is to deny these primary rights unless it can be
shown that the procession is unlikely to cause or lead to a breach of the public peace or
public disorder;
(iv)
the holding of a public procession with a permit is criminalised
irrespective of the likelihood or occurrence of any threat to public safety or public order,
or even of any inconvenience to persons not participating.
Page 52 of 1994 (1) ZLR 49 (S)
Held, further, that although it must be accepted that the power to prohibit or control a
public procession is necessary in the interests of public safety or public order, the ensuing
infringement or limitation of the freedoms of expression and assembly could be
adequately achieved by less restrictive and authoritarian provisions.
Held, further, that a decree nisi should be issued calling on the Minister of Home Affairs
to show cause why s 6 of the Law and Order (Maintenance) Act should not be declared
ultra vires ss 20 and 21 of the Constitution.
Cases cited:
Dow v A-G [1992] LRC (Const) 623
Handyside v UK (1976) 1 EHRR 737
Whitney v California 274 US 357 (1926) at 375
Cox v Louisiana (2) 379 US 559 (1965)
S v Turrell & Ors 1973 (1) SA 248 (C)
Indian Express Newspapers (Bombay) v Union of India (1985) 2 SCR 287
Ezelin v France (1991) 14 EHRR 362
Christians Against Racism and Fascism v UK App No. 8440/78
H v Austria, App No. 15225/89; 15 EHRR CD 70
Hague v Cttee for Industrial Organisation 307 US 496 (1938)
Zimbabwe Township Developers (Pvt) Ltd v Lou’s Shoes (Pvt) Ltd 1983 (2) ZLR 376
(S); 1984 (2) SA 778 (ZS)
Min of Home Affairs v Bickle & Ors 1983 (2) ZLR 431 (S); 1984 (2) SA 39 (ZS)
S v A Juvenile 1989 (2) ZLR 61 (S);1990 (4) SA 151 (ZS); 1990 (4) SA 151 (ZS)
Min of Home Affairs & Ors v Dabengwa & Anor 1982 (1) ZLR 236 (S); 1982 (4) SA
301 (ZS)
S v Ncube & Ors 1987 (2) ZLR 246 (S); 1988 (2) SA 702 (ZS)
African National Congress (Border Branch) v Chrmn, Council of State of Ciskei 1992 (4)
SA 434 (CkG)
Dadoo Ltd & Ors v Krugersdorp Municipal Council 1920 AD 530
Sigaba v Min of Defence and Police & Anor 1980 (3) SA 535 (Tk)
Klass & Ors v Federal Republic of Germany 2 EHRR 214
Maluleke v Min of Law and Order & Anor 1963 R & N 554 (SR);1963 (4) SA 206 (SR)
CoT v CW (Pvt) Ltd 1989 (3) ZLR 361 (S); 1990 (2) SA 245 (ZS)
Shuttlesworth v Birmingham 394 US 147 (1969)
Collin v Smith 447 F Supp 676 (1978)
M J Gillespie for the applicants
J R Muganhu for the Attorney-General
Page 53 of 1994 (1) ZLR 49 (S)
GUBBAY CJ:
INTRODUCTION