4 without the consent of the patient. Although these are very low levels of involvement, and need further investigation, they are of concern. Rape Nearly 70% of the sample had dealt with a case of rape. Most victims [74%] were brought either by the police or the relatives. The sample had very good knowledge about what constituted rape. Over 96% gave definitions that included the key elements of rape, and over 85% knew the procedural steps to take in a case of rape: medical examination, informing the police, informing the family, providing psychological support. They were also very aware of some of the technical difficulties involved, such as the unavailability of rape kits, fear and resistance on the part of the patient [and especially with children], and the resistance on the part of parents or family to police involvement. Most knew about organizations dealing with rape victims. Here the following were mentioned most frequently: • • • Musasa Project Family Support Trust Womens’ Action Group The sample were asked whether they thought that violence and explicit sex had an effect on people. 86% thought that such media was having an effect. Skills to manage torture and rape We also asked about nurses’ skills in managing torture and rape. As can be seen from the table below, more than half felt that they were familiar with the effects of torture and rape, but, equally, very small percentages felt that they had the competency to treat torture or rape. FAMILIARITY WITH EFFECTS OF TORTURE 66% Table 3. FAMILIARITY COMPETENCY TO WITH EFFECTS OF TREAT TORTURE RAPE 70% 37% COMPETENCY TO TREAT RAPE 35% The sample was more convinced that rape can be detected by physical examination [40%] than could be torture [22%]. This may well reflect greater experience and training in the management of rape and sexual assault, but it complicated by the results of asking about knowledge and competency. The results, shown in Table 3 above, indicate that the sample felt equally competent and knowledgeable about torture and rape. Table 4. Psychological effects of Psychological effects of torture rape 88% 86% It was also clear that the sample understood that both torture and rape had detectable psychological effects. This is illustrated in Table 4 above. Similarly the majority of the sample knew where to report torture and rape, as can be seen from Table 5 below. Where to report torture 67% Table 5. Where to report rape 72% Amani Trust Knowledge, attitudes and experiences of nurses on human rights, their violations and medical ethics in Zimbabwe.