distribution among the three parties winning seats. This illustrates a feature of the method of largest remainder not being consistent. A change of votes for one party affects the seat distribution of the other parties. This is a negative feature of the method of largest remainder which division methods such as Sainte-Laguë do not have. Division methods are consistent. See Appendix B for further explanations to consistency and the related Alabama paradox. Tables 11 and 12 show how the calculation for Bulawayo changes when it is based first on only one candidate per constituency for ZAPU, which gives the same results as the official ones, and then based on the results for all ZAPU candidates. the ZAPU results would not have had any influence on the distribution among the three winning parties. The official result and the result of the Sainte-Laguë method are the most reasonable ones in terms of the number of votes behind each winning seat. 12.3 The Senate The votes added for the six parties running for the Senate are shown in Table 13. Province Parties Bulawayo Province MDC-T Votes Integer Remainder Additional seat Total Number of votes per seat ZANU PF Quota (Rounded down):22 MDC AKE 21,136 ZAPU Total 72,693 30,290 20,967 380 2488 3 1 0 0 0 0.43929788 0.43309992 0.99200416 0.01797880 0.11771385 1 0 1 0 0 4 1 1 0 0 18,173 30,290 126,818 6 20,967 Table 11: The distribution of seats in Bulawayo for the List PR race for the National Assembly, based upon the votes of only the most successful ZAPU candidate in each constituency. Sett inn note 22 Bulawayo Province Parties MDC-T Votes Integer Remainder Additional seat Total Number of votes per seat ZANU PF Quota (Rounded down): MDC AKE ZAPU 72,693 30,290 20,967 380 3066 3 1 0 0 0 0.42374717 0.42662020 0.98751884 0.01789751 0.14440467 0 1 1 0 0 3 2 1 0 0 24,231 15,145 Total MDC-N AKE ZAPU 380 3,066 Bulawayo 72,693 30,290 20,967 224,285 169,272 22,964 Manicaland 167,820 263,856 14,414 Mashonaland Central 37,040 335,895 7,641 972 Mashonaland East 73,336 321,787 12,943 Mashonaland West 88,241 281,262 10,321 Masvingo 94,059 295,190 14,194   Matabeleland North 88,089 82,281 17,269 4,957 3,803 Matabeleland South 49,095 81,582 18,600 Midlands 126,689 283,835 18,043 1,021,347 2,145,250 157,356 MKD 972 380 11,826 127,396 Table 13: The votes for the six parties running for List PR seats in the Senate. When a party had two candidates in the same constituency, the votes were added to the party result. The numbers are based upon The Herald and Sokwanele. 6 Table 14 shows the official seat distribution for the Senate, which has the same mistake for Bulawayo as the distribution for the National Assembly: 20,967 Table 12: The distribution of seats in Bulawayo for the List PR race for the National Assembly, based upon the votes of all ZAPU candidates running in the province. Even if ZAPU is far from winning a seat the distribution among the three winning parties is changed. This is a feature of largest remainder methods, but not of division methods such as Sainte-Laguë. If the detailed reports of the media are correct, the official results for the List PR race for the National Assembly and the Senate are incorrect. Using the largest remainder method as prescribed in the law and including all the votes for all the candidates of ZAPU in the calculations, ZANU PF should have had one more seat and MDC-T one fewer. The result would have been reasonable, but that is an effect of the method chosen. If the Sainte-Laguë method had been used, the official results of four seats for MDC-T and one for each of the parties ZANU PF and MDC-N would have been the result. In that case 22 Rounding down or not rounding makes no difference in this or in any of the other calculations during these elections. 42 Zanu PF Harare Total for lists 21,232 MDC-T Constituency MDC-T ZANU PF MDC-N Bulawayo 4 1 1 Harare 3 3 0 Manicaland 2 4 0 Mashonaland Central 1 5 0 Mashonaland East 1 5 0 Mashonaland West 1 5 0 Masvingo 2 4 0 Matabeleland North 3 3 0 Matabeleland South 2 3 1 Midlands Total 2 4 0 21 37 2 Table 14: The official seat distribution as published by the ZEC for the List PR race for the Senate 43