An in-depth Study on the impacts of Operation Murambatsvina We also examined the relationship between the frequency of trauma types over time, since it is important to understand the cumulative burden of trauma. As can be seen from the table below, there was variation between the three sites over the past few decades, and the pattern overall reflects the known history of each of these periods. Both the frequencies and the mean trauma scores have increased over the years, with a large increase in both from 1998 onwards, which corresponds more or less exactly to the development of the current Zimbabwe crisis. It is noteworthy that the highest frequencies and mean trauma scores are recorded this year, strongly suggesting that Operation Murambatsvina has had serious consequences for the mental health of those people affected. <1980 1980-1987 1990-1997 1998-2000 2001-2004 2005 Harare 27.4% 30% 57.4% 80.5% 88.9% 97.4% Bulawayo 45.1% 58.3% 62.4% 65.3% 81.6% 93.3% Mutare 46.4% 47.3% 70.3% 89.5% 97.9% 100% Trauma over the years: Frequency of trauma items reported <1980 1980-1987 1990-1997 1998-2000 2001-2004 Mean Total Trauma 1.1 [3.1] 1.3 [1.6] 1.3 [1.6] 3.1 [3.1] 4.4 [3.4] scores: 2005 6.2 [3.5] HIV/AIDS In the present study, we asked specifically about HIV/AIDS, and the data indicated that 23% of the sample was hosting at least one individual with HIV/AIDS. This was considerably higher than in the previous study – 23% as opposed to 13%. This represents a conservative number of households of about 5,407: this is an absolute minimum of 5,000 individuals whose lives are at risk. Of course, households may have more than one individual suffering from HIV/AIDS, and thus the actual number affected is much higher than this. The effects on those with HIV/AIDS have been extremely severe. In almost every area, this sample has experienced a loss of care and treatment. The group has even lost access to nutritional support. Our data also showed that, in every area of care and treatment, the HIV/AIDS households have seen significant and negative changes [see table over]. There is little change in access to clinics, but it must be remembered that most clinics can offer little in the way of medical treatment, except for opportunistic infections. However, very large percentages have lost access to care and treatment, with significantly high numbers receiving no care or treatment. Care and Treatment of members with HIV/AIDS Before OM After OM 74% 68% Who was providing care? Family members v