CONTENTS
1 MAP OF ZIMBABWE AND THE MARANGE DIAMOND FIELDS NEAR MUTARE IN EASTERN
ZIMBABWE .............................................................................................................................................. 1
2 THE RETURN OF THE BLOODY DIAMONDS: MINERS AT GUNPOINT IN ZIMBABWE - 19
SEPTEMBER 2009 .................................................................................................................................... 1
3
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 2
4
BACKGROUND TO MARANGE MINING CLAIMS .............................................................................. 4
4.1
Operation Chikorokoza Chapera – November 2006 ............................................................... 6
4.2
November 2006 - October 2008: Chaos Reigns and Human Rights Abuses Continue ........... 6
4.3
Operation Hakudzokwi – October 2008 ................................................................................. 6
5
POWER, PATRONAGE AND ARMY OPERATIONS ............................................................................. 7
6
KIMBERLEY PROCESS – THE DEBATE RAGES ................................................................................. 10
7
THE MANAGEMENT OF DIAMONDS IN ZIMBABWE...................................................................... 16
7.1
The Ministry of Mines and Mining Development (MMMD) ................................................. 16
7.2
The Zimbabwe Mining Development Corporation (ZMDC) .................................................. 16
7.3
The Minerals Marketing Corporation of Zimbabwe (MMCZ) ............................................... 17
8
Joint Ventures through the ZMDC ................................................................................................ 17
9
Marange Resources formed by the ZMDC .................................................................................... 18
10 ORGANOGRAM 1: MARANGE RESOURCES FORMED BY THE ZIMBABWE MINING DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION ...................................................................................................................................... 18
11 Canadile dumped amid fraud claims ............................................................................................ 21
12 ORGANOGRAM 2: RESTRUCTURING OF MARANGE RESOURCES BY THE ZIMBABWE MINING
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION ............................................................................................................ 22
12.1
Three additional mining licenses granted ............................................................................. 22
13 CONTROVERSIAL RELATIONS WITH CHINA ................................................................................... 25
14 AIRSTRIP BUILT IN CHIADZWA ...................................................................................................... 26
15 BEYOND REASONABLE GREED – MASS SCALE CORRUPTION AND SMUGGLING .......................... 27
15.1
Police involvement in illegal mining and smuggling ............................................................. 29
15.2
Defence Forces involvement in illegal mining and smuggling .............................................. 30
15.3
Beneficiaries of illicit diamond trade .................................................................................... 30
15.4
Role of Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe ...................................................................................... 30
15.5
Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index for 2010 ................................. 31
16 HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES ............................................................................................................... 31
16.1
Beaten, brutalised, mown down from helicopters and buried alive .................................... 31
16.2
Operation Chikorokoza Chapera – November 2006 ............................................................. 33
16.3
Operation Hakudzokwi – October 27, 2008.......................................................................... 33
16.4
Soldiers speak out on the massacre...................................................................................... 34
16.5
Written testimonies and hospital records ............................................................................ 35
16.6
Response from Mines Minister Obert Mpofu....................................................................... 35
16.7
Response from the Kimberley Process ................................................................................. 35