materials that had the word ‘gay’ in them. After the office raid, they proceeded to the director’s residency in his absence, and took valuable personal belongings, including birth certificates, photos, DVDs, tapes and files. Figure 4: Raided while attending a GALZ event No 45% Yes 55% Sometimes the police came to perform raids at private events, invoking or citing the Public Order Security Act (POSA), which requires organisations holding public events to obtain police clearance. There were incidences where GALZ would not have sought police clearance partly because they would be holding private events and also because generally, it is next to impossible for them to get it anyway. Sometimes the raids and attacks come from youth militia popularly referred to as Chipangano. Chipangano is believed 14 An Assessment of the impact of state sanctioned and unsanctioned raids on GALZ premises and gatherings