bounds of the 2013 Constitution rather than putting public funds to waste by convening a court session to deal with provisions of a spent constitution. The Interception of Communication Act gives government unlimited power to monitor communications by eavesdropping on their communications. The consciousness that communications are taped and listened to triggers selfcensorship thereby violating freedom of expression. The Zimbabwe United Nations Universal Periodic Review Stakeholders Report published in 2011 revealed that in the period 2000-2011 over 45 journalists had been subjected to torture and harassment by the state. Not much progress has been made to stop this behaviour by the state. Itai Dzamara, a journalist and civil rights activist, was abducted by suspected state agents on 9 March 2015 and is still missing. This instils fear which severely limits all forms of dissent including artistic freedom. A combination of restrictive provisions and lack of adequate protection is stifling the enjoyment of freedom of expression and artistic freedom in Zimbabwe. However, the government has made a few reforms that bolster enjoyment of artistic freedom. In compliance with the Constitution and the international covenants it ratified, the government of Zimbabwe lifted a ban on international media organizations such as the BBC, CNN, e.tv and the Guardian newspapers, among others. It has also partially dropped the requirement that journalists have to be accredited to work in the country. The reforms made to date are few and do not go to the root of the problem. There is still more that the government of Zimbabwe needs to do to fully comply with its international obligations and the obligations stemming from the Constitution. 3.7 The Universal Periodic Review Process It is now common knowledge that Zimbabwe underwent the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) framework marked by the consideration of the maiden National Report in October 2011. In the aftermath of the presentation of the National Report, a number of countries that participated came up with 177 recommendations of which government formally agreed to implement 130 and rejected the rest. These recommendations dealt with different types of rights 69 | P a g e