It could be that the traditional role of men as the head of the family comes into play but also
that women are not sitting at home but going out of their way to contribute to their household
upkeep. Of note from the table above is that respondents are not confident questioning things
at group level. This is surprising given that these are people who voluntarily come together to
form the very group and the assumption would be that these are people with similar interests
and familiar with each other. The implications of the low response on questioning things are
far reaching as it filters down to issues affecting the entire community and failure to hold
duty bearers accountable. It then becomes legitimate to ask the question whether
communities are able to engage with their leaders if they can‘t hold each other to account. Do
we have a citizenry that complain privately but afraid to ask questions face to face?
This has far reaching implications on policy and the policy making process, and whether
there is meaningful participation and engagement. In the rural communities for example, and
in some instances in the urban areas, attending community meetings is mandatory and
because of this mandatory nature, the ‗engagement‘ process is one way. Jethro Petit refers to
‗empowerment participation‘ as critical otherwise the meetings can quickly become a token
exercise or even a means of maintaining power relations. 22 For this to happen there is need
for meaningful changes in power relations to facilitate a two-way engagement process.
Soliciting support from elder people or local leaders
For young people, they have to contend with the effects of exclusion, and they find it very
difficult to be recognised by the adult population. A large proportion of youth does not have a
well-defined place in society and are vulnerable and dependent23. Being young in Africa is
viewed as problematic and there are so many derogatory names that are associated with or
used to describe young people in Zimbabwe. Such names include marombe (loafers),
zvidhakwa (drunkards), vatengesi (sell-outs)24, resulting in young people not being able to
connect with the generation that is in leadership and their contributions at community
meetings has been limited. In the context of government failing to create employment
through resuscitation of local industries, young people find themselves in the informal sector
and in some cases trying out what is now commonly referred as ―maproject” (projects) in a
bid to make income. In the rural areas for instance, young people would like their local
leaders to ―give them maprojects”. In that they mean the leaders sourcing resources to start
up projects in the community such as poultry raring, pig farming, carpentry, etc to get some
form of livelihood. A few have started small business ventures and so many of them are
operating illegally. Some with ideas have openly received support from ―big‖ people in their
political party but others have failed to get funding to get their initiatives off the ground.
The local structures are designed to create a client – patron relationship in most communities
and every activity can be viewed from that relationship. For example there is connection
between politics and employment or making things happen in the community (see Table 10).
Even though the average suggests
not favouring much to engage
politicians, there is a huge
number that actually thinks it is
Table 10: Influence of Politics, Mean scores25
Male
Female
3
Important
that
pol
does
3.3
not
22
Jethro Petit - Empowerment and Participation: bridging the gap between understanding and practice, Institute
of Development Studies, Sussex, UK, (2012)
23
Jon Abbink - Being young in Africa: The politics of despair and renewal
24
Marjoke A. Oosterom and Lloyd Pswarayi - Being a Born-free. Violence, Youth and Agency in Zimbabwe;
IDS RESEARCH REPORT 79, 2014
25
Males were significantly more politically engaged than females (See Table 2).
14
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