- Where applicable, human rights bodies that are not already following such practice should in their awards: specify the type and amount of damages, taking into consideration the suffering caused by the delays; order the state concerned to conduct prompt and effective investigations, specifying the steps to be taken as appropriate; request the state concerned to take measures to ensure non-repetition, such as adopting legislative changes, instituting institutional reforms and providing training on relevant skills, procedures and standards. - Judicial proceedings, including enforcement of awards: - - - Further elaborate on the criteria for determining whether proceedings have been conducted within a reasonable time and state’s obligations in this regard, in particular where delays are the result of systemic shortcomings; Strengthen victims’ rights to an effective remedy by recognising their right to active participation in proceedings, including through the use of remedies compelling the authorities and courts to expedite proceedings; Where applicable, human rights bodies that are not already following such practice should in their awards: Specify what steps the state concerned should take to expedite proceedings where cases are still pending; specify the type and amount of damages, taking into consideration the suffering caused by the delays; request the state concerned to take measures to ensure non-repetition, such as adopting legislative changes aimed at avoiding delay in the adjudication of claims and enforcement of awards in torture cases, instituting institutional reforms in the judicial system and providing judges and others with training on relevant procedures and standards. 42