34 were a significant proportion of the overall electorate: about 1 million of a supposed 4.5 million voters. Table 19 Rank order of violations for farmers and farm workers. Farmers Workers Abduction 12 14 Assault 6 7 Death Threat 7 8 Denial of food 17 5 Disappearance 16 15 Displacement 3 2 Forced attendance at Zanu(PF) meetings 4 3 Forced to join Zanu(PF) 2 4 9 12 Held hostage Intimidation of key workers 17 9 Maiming/killing of pets 10 18 Maiming/killing of wildlife Murder Political intimidation Rape Torture 5 18 13 17 1 1 14 16 8 10 Unlawful arrest 11 11 Unlawful detention 14 13 Youth forced to join Zanu(PF) 17 6 The patterns of violations were largely similar for the two groups, 43 as was seen earlier, and can be seen more clearly in Table 19 above, but there were also some clear differences, and this speaks to different strategies. The major finding is related to the types of violations that are seen in other reports as being associated with elections and seem to have little relationship to land per se. Political intimidation, being forced to join the Zanu(PF) party or to attend Zanu(PF) meetings, and having young persons forced to join Zanu(PF) all have more to do with elections. It was also significant that farmers were, per population size, to have reported gross human rights violations – experience abductions, assaults, death threats, being held hostage, murder, rape, torture – than their workers [see Table 9 above]. Overall, the data on violations are strongly suggestive of a systematic campaign as opposed to random violence as is claimed by the Zimbabwe government, and, of course, torture is a very strange association to find with land reform. 43 The rank order frequencies were highly correlated for the two groups [0.43; p=0.01]. A Preliminary Report on Human Rights Violations on Commercial Farms, 2000 to 2005.