In order to understand citizen’s preferences, we constructed a number of indices as follows:        Lived Poverty Service Availability Service Delivery Active Citizenship Perception of Democracy Political Trust State Responsiveness The rationale for including lived poverty was the finding that high levels of lived poverty decrease respondents’ approval of government management of the economy, their support for private provision of development services, and their support for economic reform (Mattes. 2010). The questions were re-coded as binary scores (see Appendix 1), and the mean score was 2.8 (sd.1.4). Lived Poverty was assumed for a score of 4 or more. We also constructed an index of Service Availability, again based on the items identified in a previous study (Mattes. 2010). These ten items are derived from direct observation by the survey enumerators, and provide a measure of the kinds of services available in each community around the interviewees.1 Hence, this measure is based on direct observation.           Electricity grid accessible to most houses Piped water system accessible to most houses Sewage system accessible to most houses Cell phone service Post office within easy walking distance School within easy walking distance Police station within easy walking distance Health clinic within easy walking distance Market stalls selling groceries and/or clothing within easy walking distance Police in the PSU/EA These responses were binary variables and were summed to give an overall index of service delivery. The mean score was 5.4 (sd. 3.2). A further index, on Service Delivery, was constructed for respondent’s actual perceptions of economic and service delivery, using 13 questions on the government’s handling of key areas around service delivery and economy.          1 How well government has managed economy How well government has improved living standards of poor How well government has created jobs How well government has kept prices stable Handling narrowing income gaps Handling reducing crime How well government has improved basic health services How well government has addressed educational needs How well government has provided water and sanitation services For every interview, enumerators record the availability of the services in the area in which the interview is taking place. 4