Appendix 1: Violations being tracked by Heal Zimbabwe 1. Intimidation –is whereby a person threatens to commit a crime (assault, murder, rape, detention, theft, malicious damage to property etc) against voters, human rights defenders, activists or party supporters thus instilling fear to the target or belief that he or she will commit the crime. 2. Unfair/ partisan distribution of aid–is when public resources donated to the people by the government or aid agencies are distributed on the basis of political affiliation rather than on the basis of equality, fairness and need. 3. Vote buying–describes a situation where parties or candidates distribute resources with the intention to bride or manipulate one’s voting or political behaviour in an election. 4. Destruction of campaign material- This include tearing or removal of posters, vandalism of campaign material and burning of paraphernalia or any regalia meant for political campaigns. 5. Rape –unlawful sexual activity or intercourse ordinarily carried out forcibly or under threat of injury against the will usually of a female or with a person who is beneath a certain age or incapable of valid consent. 6. Sexual assault – it is any form of sexual contact without explicit or consent by the affected person involving forced sexual intercourse, sodomy, child molestation, incest, fondling and attempted rape 7. Abduction –it involves an act of taking someone by force or holding him/her in captivity against the person’s will. 8. Theft/ Looting – an act of taking away of another person’s property or services without that person’s permission or consent with the intent of depriving the rightful owner of it either for personal benefit or for other reasons. 9. Torture- involves the act of or practice of inflicting severe pain or someone as a punishment or in order to force them to do or say something. 10. Murder- unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse. 11. Arbitrary arrest and detention –describes the arrest of or detention of an individual in a case in which there is no likelihood or evidence that they committed a crime against a legal statute or in which there has been no proper due process of law. 12. Banned political rallies/Gatherings and meetings –this is an action of prohibiting or stopping a meeting unconstitutionally. 13. Displaced people –are persons who have been forced to leave his/her home or place of habitual residence as a result of political/social/economic violations. 14. Arson–a deliberate action of setting fire to property or the crime of intentionally, deliberately, and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wild land areas, dumpsters, vehicles or other property with intent to cause damage. 15. Malicious damage to property –is a crime to wilfully and maliciously destroy and injure someone else property. 16. Assault -an act of beating, attacking, mugging and or thrashing someone with a weapon with intent to cause serious harm, injury and or fear. 11