Case Study Two:
Unaccompanied minors in Johannesburg
Zimbabweans flooding into South Africa have been drawn from all walks of life, age and social
circumstances. During 2009, the number of Zimbabwean unaccompanied minors arriving at
the Central Methodist Mission increased noticeably. By April 2009, there were 110 children
identifying themselves as unaccompanied minors at the CMM. Of these, we identified 82 as
Zimbabwean minors: some among the group of 110 were over the age of 18 and so technically
were not minors, and several were from other nations.
The presence of these children at the CMM and reports of sexual abuse involving the children
caused a great deal of controversy during 2009. This report will not deal in depth with that
controversy, which has in our opinion been very well dealt with by Ann Skelton in her report
to the Courts in February 2010.114 Her recommendations, if followed, will surely alleviate the
circumstances of these particular children – who remain a very small representation of all
unaccompanied minors in South Africa, as her report also notes.115
However, neither the Skelton report nor any other recent report that we are aware of in the
public domain deals with other aspects of the lives of these remarkable young people –
including where precisely they have come from, the circumstances at home that drove them
to make seemingly impossible journeys from all corners of Zimbabwe to Johannesburg, and
their experiences en route and on arrival. These are the issues that this case study concerns
itself with, among others.
1.
Methodology
During April 2009, SPT interviewed all of the children then presenting themselves as
unaccompanied minors at the CMM. Interviews were conducted by two highly trained and
experienced counsellors, who oversaw two other interviewers who were university students
that had been trained in the use of the form. The interviewers were fluent in both of
Zimbabwe’s dominant vernacular languages so that children could speak in their home
language. (In fact only 3 children were SiNdebele‐speaking, the rest all spoke Shona). Each
student was paired with a counsellor, and although interviewing was done by all four, the
counsellors were in a position to observe if any child showed distress.
In some instances, the interviews became counselling sessions, if children showed signs of
distress or in the counsellors’ opinions needed more room to talk than the interview allowed.
Twenty‐seven children ‐ one third ‐ were noted to be showing marked signs of sadness, and
out of these 27, counsellors noted that 22 said that they did not feel safe at night, and 8 –
around 10% ‐ felt that they were worse off at the CMM than they had been in Zimbabwe. 90%
of the children felt better off at the CMM than in their previous circumstances ‐ but at least
one in three was clearly dealing with visible emotional difficulties. This was hardly surprising;
114 A Skelton: Filing Note: Curatrix ad Litem’s Report: in the matter between the Aids Law Project and the Minister
for Social Development, the MEC for Social Development, the City of Johannesburg, High Court of South Africa, 8
Feb 2010.
115 For the full report see http://server.alp.org.za/Report%20Skelton%20CMC%20children.pdf accessed 27
March 2010.
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