aspects of our past that hinder national integration. It should further be supported
by a clear accessible and popularly understood mechanism for arbitration on and
enforcement of constitutional rights.10
What is significant about this convention was that instead of just making demands and outlining
the same traditional problems workers had discussed in the past, the convention talked of the
need for “a strong, democratic, popularly driven and organized movement of the people”.
The convention thus resolved “to take these issues to the people across the country, to mobilize
them towards the working people’s agenda, and to implement a vigorous and democratic political
movement for change”.11
On 7 August 1999, the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU) at an Extra-Ordinary
Congress held in Harare at ZESA Training Centre, adopted the National Working People’s
Convention Declaration unanimously.
This declaration led to the formation of the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) on 11
September 1999. At its inaugural congress, the MDC adopted the Manifesto and Programme for
Change which among other things stated that it would “promote a process of truth, justice and
reconciliation to build national integration, based on the culture of tolerance and respect for
human rights and on the exchange of understanding between our different cultures”.12
The Manifesto made reference to the Matabeleland massacres which “brought death, arbitrary
torture and deprivation of an unarmed civilian population” and which were aimed at “establishing
authoritarian rule and dominance by the ruling party over all ethnic groups”. The Manifesto also
stated that the Unity Accord of 1987 had brought peace but not reconciliation, and that it
had avoided the substantial issues that needed to be addressed in integrating all the people of
Zimbabwe into one nation.
In February 2000, the government presented to the people the Draft Constitution produced
by the Constitutional Commission. Civil society rejected both the content and the process that
produced the draft. Among other concerns, the draft left too much executive power untouched.
The commissioners were appointed by the President and were accountable to him, and there were
no proper safeguards to protect the people’s input. Civil society, led by the NCA, campaigned
against the draft and delivered a 55% “No” vote.
In the same year, about thirty non-governmental organizations came together to form the
Zimbabwe Election Support Network (ZESN) to push for a democratic electoral environment. The
coalition was soon faced with the task of analysing the electoral field and documenting electionrelated abuses and violations. It would soon be flooded with various reports and complaints of
violence and irregularities. Its work would become critical in pushing for electoral transparency
and accountability.
Taking Transitional Justice to the People – Outreach Report
7
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