Figure 2:
Reasons for violence and intimidation - proportions of identified reasons
Conflict of political interests,
clashes between parties - 16.4%
Misuse of ZANU-PF supporters, war
veterans, youth militia, ZANU-PF
politicians - 17.1%
Disregard of freedom of electoral
choice
Need and greed for political power
- 10.8%
Resistance to change -- 6.4%
Intolerance of other parties - 8%
Lack of political maturity - 4.8%
The extreme political nature of violence and intimidation in Zimbabwe is evident from the fact that
when Zimbabweans are asked about their ordinary daily activities and whether they fear going about
executing these, the levels of feeling of safety rise dramatically (compared with feelings when engaged
in the political domain). The totals of respondents feeling ‘very safe’ or ‘somewhat safe’ were: going to
the market – 93%; sleeping at night – 92%; meeting policemen – 91%; meeting security personnel other
than the police – 85%; meeting strangers – 71%; and walking around at night – 67% [Q46].
Yet, contradictions emerge, which indicates that Zimbabweans become confused as to when they are in
fear and when not. When asked about these daily activities [Q46] in clearly non-political questions their
answers were quite unambiguous (see paragraph above). When, however, a question on fearing
intimidation as they go about their daily lives was inserted into a 3-item battery in which the other two
items dealt with political matters, 73% of the respondents reported that they ‘often’ or ‘always’ have to
fear political intimidation as they ‘go about their daily lives’ [Q42B].
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