There must be devolution of Section 14.7 provides substantive legislative and functions of provincial executive powers to the metropolitan councils. provinces and local spheres. There must be clear principles that regulate intergovernmental relations. Amongst other things, this will guarantee the functional and geographical integrity of each sphere for The constitution gives functions and to the provincial and metropolitan councils but there is no mention of what powers they have. There are no legislative and executive powers mentioned and devolved to the provinces and metropolitan councils. In South Africa and Kenya, these tiers are given full legislative and executive powers and such powers are constitutionally entrenched to protect them from malicious amendments. Therefore, the draft constitution must include provisions that give legislative and executive powers to the provinces and the local authorities. Section 14.1 provides for objects Generally section 14.1 can be of devolution of governmental used to seek the protection of powers and responsibility. the independence of the provincial, metropolitan and local authorities where such independence is necessary for the fulfillment of the objects of devolution of power or where interference undermines these objects of devolution. Section 14.2 (1) (b) and (c) provides for general principles that regulate the relationship between the provincial and local government. By insisting that the provinces and local government must exercise only those powers given by the constitution and must respect the functional and geographic integrity of each other, the constitution has guaranteed the protection of the independence of local authorities from interference by 32