Table 4: Problems in voter registration [rural vs. urban] Rural Urban Registered Voter Before2013 86%* 74% Registered Voter In 2013 84% * 61% Not previously registered (Alien ) 0% 13%* Not previously registered (No ID) 0.2% 3.4%* Was previously Registered 14% 29%* Encountered Voter Registration Problems 12% 27%* Registration Office as inaccessible 0.2% 5.1%* Queues were too long 6% 15%* Could not register in 2013 (No ID) 0% 3%* Witness Women Turned Away at Voter Registration Was turned away at Voter Registration (No Proof of Residence) 29% 43%* 16% 24%* *(p=0.01) One large difference emerged in the distribution of the responses in respect of the distribution across Districts. As can be seen from Figure 1, there were both increases and decreases in the numbers of registered voters in 2013, but there was an enormous drop in Marondera District between those registered before 2013 and subsequently, as well as significant drops in Matopos, Harare, and Gokwe. There is no obvious explanation for this much greater change in the Marondera group, except that the Marondera group was wholly urban, and urban women generally reported much greater difficulties in registering as voters than their rural counterparts, but why this should be more marked in Marondera than in the other urban settings is not clear, especially when Mashonaland East Province had the highest number of mobile registration centres - 100 for 22 Constituencies of any of the ten Zimbabwean Provinces14. Figure 1: Changes in voter registration: before and after 2013 elections 120.0 100.0 80.0 60.0 Registered Voter Before2013 40.0 20.0 Registered Voter In 2013 0.0 14 By contrast, Mashonaland West, with 22 Constituencies, had only 77 mobile registration centres, and Masvingo, with 26 Constituencies, had only 43 such centres. Page 10