5.2.7 Marking of Voters with Indelible Ink Section 56 (4) (b) of the Electoral Act instructs the Election officer that ―... after handing an applicant a ballot paper in terms of subsection (3), shall mark him or her in the manner specified by the Commissionǁ. The following diagram shows CCJPZ observations: Diagram 24: Illustrating whether voters were marked with indelible ink The use of indelible ink on almost every voter at polling stations observed by CCJPZ means that an effective precautionary measure was taken during 2018 Harmonized Elections to prevent electoral fraud such as double voting. 5.2.8 Flow of Voting Process CCJPZ assessed whether voting process proceeded smoothly from the opening to the closing of polls. The following diagram summarizes the observation: 32