15 amnesty of last October, and thus cannot even be prosecuted for kidnapping let alone the probable murder. In St. Mary’s, nine unnamed MDC members have disappeared and it is still unknown what happened to them. One hundred other youth have been sleeping in the bush for fear of further victimization after being attacked by a group of ZANU (PF) supporters. This case has now resolved, and it appears that the 8 persons have been in police custody all along. However, there are other cases being reported, and it is worrying that this might become a trend. 4.3.5 Intimidation: Intimidation may seem like rather a mild form of human rights violation, but it must be stressed that psychological torture is not a less serious form of torture, but is regarded as torture in exactly the same way as any form of physical torture. Thus, threats can be very serious from of torture, especially when there is a very high risk of physical torture and a situation of extreme fear. It is very important to stress that threats to individuals can have evern greater impact when issued or supported by senior members of the State. Josiah Hungwe, the ZANU (PF) provincial governor in Masvingo, threatened the residents of Masvingo with death if they did not vote for ZANU-PF in the upcoming mayoral election. The case below illustrates the effects of threats upon a political party member when these are issued by members of the State. C.M. (aged 26) was terrorized and hunted by CIO agents, war veterans and ZANU (PF) members on 7 March. He often accompanies MDC MP Mutendadzanera. The victim has fled to the bush. Intimidation is not merely restricted to political party members as the case below illustrates. O.S. (aged 27), a teacher in Sadza, was forced to flee the area on 22 March after repeated death threats from Inspector Majora, which began on 28 February 2001. He fears for his life and repeated victimization. In May 2000, he was forced to surrender his MDC membership card and T-shirt by ZANU (PF) youth, who had stormed into his school. They threatened to assault and kill him. He endured abuses and threats at daily ZANU (PF) meetings that he was forced to attend. He could identify two of the victims as Desmore and ‘Squares’. In mid-May the ZANU (PF) youths returned to the school and ordered him to pay Z$5.000. He refused and fled for his life. He returned from exile immediately before the parliamentary elections and reported the matter to the Regional Director for Mashona East at the Ministry of Higher Education. On 16 July 2000, six ZANU (PF) youths threatened him and his

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