Judgment No. CCZ 12/2015 47
Const. Application No. 79/14
ACRWC. The prohibition affects any kind of marriage whether based on civil, customary or
religious law. The purpose of s 78(1) as read with s 81(1) of the Constitution is to ensure that
social practices such as early marriages that subject children to exploitation and abuse are
arrested. As a result, a child has acquired a right to be protected from any form of marriage.
Effect of Section 78(1) of the Constitution on Section 22(1) of the Marriage Act and Child
Marriage
The applicants contend that s 78(1) as read with s 81(1) of the Constitution had
the effect of rendering s 22(1) of the Marriage Act invalid when it came into force on 22 May
2013. Mr Biti argued on behalf of the applicants that as s 78(1) of the Constitution contains an
absolute prohibition of child marriage, s 22(1) of the Marriage Act cannot be construed to be
in conformity with the Constitution.
The applicants contend further that as a result of the coming into force of s 78(1)
as read with s 81(1) of the Constitution, child marriage has been abolished in Zimbabwe. The
argument advanced on behalf of the applicants is that because the executive and legislative
branches of government failed to take legislative measures to repeal s 22(1) of the Marriage
Act, it has continued to provide the ghost of legitimacy to child marriages entered into after 22
May 2013. The factual basis of the applicants’ contention is supplied by the findings of the
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2014. The findings of the survey were that 26.2 percent of
young people aged 15-19 years were in marriage of which 24.5 per cent were females and only
1.7 per cent males.
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