Human Rights Forum Report: Who was responsible? Who was responsible? Perpetrators of incidents of pre-election violence recorded by the Human Rights Forum are pre-dominantly from ZNLWVA (Zimbabwe National Liberation War Veterans Association) and Zanu (PF). In three incidents, perpetrators were from the MDC but were unnamed. What follows are excerpts from detailed statements of human rights violations resultant from incidents of political violence. The statements narrate the violations committed by specific perpetrators and correlate with the list of perpetrators. Generally, names of the victims have not been given to protect the persons involved. Names have only been provided if the account has been previously published or is part of the Court record. It has been noted, particularly during the electoral petitions in the High Court, that victims discovered to be seeking redress or making reports have become the subjects of additional psychological and physical torture. In some cases high ranking party members of Zanu (PF) are directly involved. In others, they are named as instigators of violence. Several of those named as perpetrators are now sitting as MP‟s in parliament and never have or never will be prosecuted for the part they played in brutalizing men, women and children. There is no longer any doubt that violence was carried out on an organized basis since much of it was conducted from Zanu (PF) bases established at strategic points within specific constituencies. Those who headed bases and were the main perpetrators of violence in certain areas became well known and are named in numerous incidents. For instance, Norman Josaya became well known in Karoi and therefore was easily recognized by his victims, as was Wilson „Biggie‟ Chitoro in Mberengwa. Harare The Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum received over 90 reports of political violence within Harare province. Of these, eight of the incidents were perpetrated by arms of the State, i.e. the army, CIO or the police with the remainder of the perpetrators being mainly Zanu (PF) supporters and, in some instances, Zanu (PF) candidates. However, in spite of well-organised violence particularly in Budiriro, Mbare East and Mufakose, Zanu (PF) failed to gain a single seat in Harare Province. Urban voters generally were not cowed by threats, intimidation, assaults and torture. It is also worth noting that the areas in which terror campaigns were most prevalent were the areas in which Zanu (PF) candidates won their ticket to parliament, with the exception of urban areas. Budiriro Chenjerai Hunzvi also Ndlovu, Chanurwe and Mai Mahenda Torture of opposition supporters was not uncommon in the pre-election period and was conducted at established torture bases such as Texas Ranch Farm in Mberengwa and Zanu (PF) Chikomba MP Chenjerai Hunzvi‟s surgery in Budiriro, Harare. An isolated act of torture could be unknown to the owner of a property, but in the case of Hunzvi‟s surgery at least seven incidents of torture and one murder occurred. The late Hunzvi must have been aware of the activities at this surgery. There are also numerous incidents in which he was alleged to have taken part in assaults and torture in other locations. The following are statements from victims tortured at Hunzvi‟s surgery as well as a statement from the wife of Patrick Chipunza regarding her husband‟s murder at Hunzvi‟s surgery. Chipunza was allegedly dragged off a commuter omnibus and taken to home of Zanu (PF) Budiriro candidate Gladys Hokoyo. He was then taken to Hunzvi‟s surgery because Hokoyo was not at home. He was recaptured after escaping, severely assaulted and left for dead. The police transported him to Parirenyatwa Hospital where he later died. 8