6 cases, 16% felt that they did not have the expertise, and 8% would not manage such cases because they did not come through the police. As regards involvement in torture, 5% stated that they had administered drugs to facilitate interrogation, another 5% had withheld treatment, and yet another 5% had given treatment without the consent of the patient. Although these are very low levels of involvement, and need further investigation, they are of concern. Nearly 70% of the sample had dealt with a case of rape, and the sample had very good knowledge about what constituted rape. Over 96% gave definitions that included the key elements of rape, and over 85% knew the procedural steps to take in a case of rape: medical examination, informing the police, informing the family, and providing psychological support. They were also very aware of some of the technical difficulties involved, such as the unavailability of rape kits, fear and resistance on the part of the patient [and especially with children], and the resistance on the part of parents or family to police involvement. Most knew about organizations dealing with rape victims. More than half felt that they were familiar with the effects of torture and rape, but, equally, very small percentages felt that they had the competency to treat torture or rape. A majority felt that nurses had an ethical duty to prevent torture and rape, but seemed clear that this should take place with the established channels. A majority [74%] felt that victims should receive special treatment, but only half felt that victims should have a choice either of their own carer, or women a choice of women examiners. Amani Trust Knowledge, attitudes and experiences of nurses on human rights, their violations and medical ethics in Zimbabwe.

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