(h) traditional leaders and other persons presiding over customary-law courts; and
(i) persons presiding over other courts that may be established by an Act of Parliament.
156 Independence of judiciary
Members of the judiciary, when exercising their judicial authority, are independent and are
subject only to the Constitution and the law, which they must apply impartially and without
fear, favour or prejudice.
157 Constitutional Court
(1) The Constitutional Court is a superior court of record and the highest court in Zimbabwe
in all constitutional matters.
(2) The Constitutional Court has the following jurisdiction and powers–
(a) to hear and determine applications and references under Chapter III regarding
infringements of the Declaration of Rights;
(b) to determine the constitutionality of any Act of Parliament, including an Act that
purportedly amends this Constitution, whether in regard to its content or the manner in
which it was enacted;
(c) to determine whether or not Parliament or the President, or any other person or
authority, has fulfilled a constitutional obligation;
(d) to determine whether or not any question or issue raised before it is a constitutional
matter and within its jurisdiction; and
(e) to exercise any other jurisdiction or power that may be conferred upon it by or under
an Act of Parliament.
(3) ) The Constitutional Court consists of–
(a) the Chief Justice, who is the President of the Court;
(b) the Deputy Chief Justice and all the other judges of the Supreme Court;
(c) the Judge President; and
(d) three other judges of the Constitutional Court appointed by the President in
consultation with the Judicial Service Commission.(4) The persons appointed to the Constitutional Court in terms of subsection (3)(d) must–
(a) be qualified in terms of section one hundred and sixty-two for appointment as judges;
and
(b) be chosen for their knowledge of constitutional law.
158 Supreme Court
(1) The Supreme Court is a superior court of record and the final court of appeal for
Zimbabwe, except in matters over which the Constitutional Court has jurisdiction, and has the
jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by or under an Act of Parliament.
(2) The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice, the Deputy Chief Justice and the
judges of the Supreme Court.
(3) ) An Act of Parliament may specify the number of judges of the Supreme Court, but
there must not be more than nine or fewer than five.
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