As can be seen from Table 22, the main defendant in respect of shootings was the Minister of Home Affairs. As noted above, most cases of shooting were connected with the Food Riots in 1998, and these cases have been closed, with some generally critical comments by the Zimbabwe courts about the use of firearms by the police. Table 22 Defendants cited in shootings Shootings No shooting 95%* 95%* 10% 67.8% 65.9% 43.3%* Ministry of Home Affairs Commissioner of Police Ministry of Defence *χ2: ZRP (5.37; P = 0.025); Defence (9.21; P = 0.005); Home Affairs (4.37; P = 0.01) As can be seen from Table 23, the major culprits involved in shootings were the Riot Squad and the uniformed branch of the ZRP. Table 23 Alleged perpetrators of shootings Shootings 35% 0 5% 40%* 15% 5% 0 5% ZRP (Uniformed branch) ZRP (CID) ZRP (PISI) ZRP (Riot Squad) ZRP (Support Unit) Zimbabwe National Army CIO ZANU(PF) No shooting 38.5% 10% 0.4% 17.1% 5.6% 41.9%* 0.4% 1.1% *χ2: ZRP Riot Squad (5.72; P = 0.025); Army (11.25; P = 0.005) There is a clear bifurcation between the cases involving shootings and the other cases as regards other violations. Persons that were shot were very unlikely to complain of any other violation (Table 24). Table 24 Other violations involving shootings Assault Assault GBH Wrongful death Property violations Theft Torture Unlawful arrest Unlawful detention Shootings 0 20% 10%* 5% 0 0 0 0 No shooting 27.1%* 68.9%* 0.4% 5.6% 0.7% 26.7%* 12.6% 21.1%* *χ2: Assault (7.58; P = 0.01); Assault GBH (21.36; P = 0.005); Murder (16.0; P = 0.005); Torture (7.44; P = 0.01); Unlawful detention (10.63; P = 0.005) As was noted in the recent report on the Food Riots, victims of shootings were more likely to have been paid damages than the others, and this trend is seen again in the larger sample (Table 25).30 30 χ2: Paid damages (39.92; P = 0.005). 18