9
These results showed all cases improving on all measures, and, similar to the study reported above,
there was a significant effect of most cases dropping below both 10 and 7 on the SRQ-20. We can
have confidence, however, that the group was a clinically significant group since only patients with
SRQ-20 scores in excess of 10/20 were selected. There was a marked drop in the SRQ-20 scores after
the initial session, with 3 cases dropping below the clinical threshold. The most marked changes in
scores occurred after the three month period.
Figure 4.
Changes in Self-Reporting Questionnaire(SRQ 20): six month follow-up.
Changes in SRQ-20 scores.
14
12
Scores.
10
8
mean
sd
6
4
2
0
SRQ-20(1)
SRQ-20(2)
SRQ-20(3)
SRQ-20(4)
Occasion of testing.
As regards the self-ratings, the clients initially showed changes in their problem, as measured by the
differences observed between the therapeutic interview and the first follow-up at three months. There
was then sustained improvement at six months, with the group showing small positive change overall.
This small effect could be improved upon by the use of more comprehensive self-report measures,
but this also has to be traded off against the ability of a largely non-literate client group to complete
such measures.
The therapy approach itself seemed to be acceptable to the clients, and was not difficult to implement.
The clients seemed to appreciate the focus upon their expressed problems rather than the purely
symptomatic approach that is the most common experience in the primary care or outpatient setting.
The problem solving approach also differs from other forms of counselling or psychotherapy in that it
uses the same method for all problems, although the solutions clearly differ from client to client.
These were encouraging results. 70% of the group showed clear improvement on the SRQ-20 by the
end of the six month study period, with 90% showing improvement on the self-ratings. This pilot
indicates that it would be interesting to now test the approach more rigorously, either by comparison
with other therapy approaches or by using a matched sample with a treatment and no treatment
comparison.
Thus, the overall aim, that of finding a treatment method for the primary care setting, seemed
satisfied. The approach is simple to implement, makes sense to the client, and, most important of all,
AMANI TRUST: Psycho-Social assistance to Survivors of the Liberation War.
A report on Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe.