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Public service broadcasters should, like broadcasting and
telecommunications regulators, be governed by bodies which
are protected against interference.
The public service mandate of public service broadcasters
should clearly defined.
The editorial independence of public service broadcasters
should be guaranteed, among others.
Against this backdrop, it is important that ZEC takes measures to ensure
fair and equal coverage of all political actors and activity and thereby
engender the holding of a democratic election in Zimbabwe.
Problem Statement
The coverage of political parties' activities by ZBC ahead, during and
after the general elections has always been the main bone of contention
among political contestants. The broadcaster's skewed coverage has
also been called out in several observer mission reportsand the recent
Constitutional Court Judgmentbut with no change in approach.
This repeated violation of the broadcaster's public service mandate is
also in discord with the SADC Guidelines and Principles on the Conduct
of Democratic Electionswhich emphasizes the need for ZBCto ensure
that political parties or candidates are given space to give direct and
indirect access to contesting parties. It enjoins the broadcaster to
reserve airtime for parties to present their election manifestoes and
policies as well equal allocation of advertising time. It further violates the
provisions of the Constitution of Zimbabwe, section 155 (d) which states
that, “provides all political parties and candidates contesting an election
or participating in a referendum have fair and equal access to electronic
and print media, both public and private…”
The major challenges has been the lack of clear mechanisms by the
institutions administering elections to ensure adherence to both the
domestic and regional laws and instruments respectively by the public
media in promoting equal access and ethical reporting during the
elections.
In the 2013 elections for example, the ruling party dominated prime time
broadcast on ZTV with a whooping 100% positive coverage on its
campaigns while 89% of the stories covering the opposition Movement
for Democratic Change (MDC) T portrayed the party in negative light.
Television and radio broadcasting airtime is expensive and punitive,
hence the need for the leveling of access to the state broadcaster
among all political parties through meeting agreed upon quotas. In the
2013 elections, the opposition, MDC-T publicly requested the state
broadcaster to reimburse its money after it charged them for advertising
airtime but refused to flight the party's materials.
Reclaiming Public Media ahead of 2018 Elections
info@zesn.net zesn2011@zesn.net www.zesn.org.zw