from what? Freedom from racial oppression and discrimination; from arbitrary arrest; from persecution; freedom of expression; and of course more broadly freedom to till the land, to send children to affordable schools and to have access to the resources and opportunities only available to a minority population during colonial occupation. Our liberation struggle was very obviously not just a battle for control of the state but also a struggle for human security and human rights. This concept of human, or citizen, security is therefore deeply rooted in people’s struggles including our own liberation struggle in Zimbabwe. When we define security in this context we need to move beyond territorial defence and security of the state. The contents of this new definition of security are far wider than the traditional definition and must be determined by specific contexts. But broadly we can include a range of social, economic and political factors if we are seeking to incorporate citizen safety and security into a more balanced relationship with state and territorial security. These might include access to justice, access to land, access to health and education services, access to national resources, economic opportunities and employment and freedom from arbitrary arrest, protection under the rule of law, equal rights for women and freedom of expression. In this regard it is noteworthy that the new Zimbabwe Constitution (2013) incorporates these rights and protections and effectively broadens the concept of security in Zimbabwe to include the safety and security of citizens, although no national debate took place to situate these rights and protections within the context of security sector transformation. Having thus answered the question “what is security” we can now answer the question “what is the security sector”. If we have defined security in this broader sense, it follows that we also need to broaden the definition of the security sector. Obviously in the state sector we must include the traditional state security providers (armed forces, police, the intelligence service, border management and customs services) and the state justice providers (courts, prosecution service and prisons). In addition in the state sector we have the executive policy and management structures (ministries of Justice, Defence and Home Affairs but also many other ministries which manage non-security portfolios like Land and Agriculture and Finance) and we also have the state governance and oversight system, which includes parliament, ombudsmen and statutory commissions. In the non-state sector we also have security providers which in Zimbabwe would include private security companies (the largest security service in Zimbabwe), community security groups including township vigilante gangs or ‘magweja’ and unofficial groups such as political party security formations and war veterans (although war veterans are also classified as a “reserve force “ and therefore seemingly part of the state sector). In addition in the non-state sector we have justice providers who include traditional courts (although the new Constitution seeks to incorporate them into the state sector as judicial officers), lawyers, legal aid 4