Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................ 3 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Methods .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Constructing a measure of “elitism” .................................................................................................. 6 Constructing measures of political agency ......................................................................................... 7 Hypotheses .......................................................................................................................................... 8 Results ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 The “Rural” factor ........................................................................................................................... 13 Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................... 14 References ............................................................................................................................................. 15 Appendix 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Questions used in Construction of the Elite Index ............................................................................ 16 Appendix 2 ............................................................................................................................................ 16 Questions used to construct indices of political participation ........................................................... 16 2

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