their names written down and become targets of violence, face unspecified action or denied food aid. Other violations least recorded involve disruption of political gatherings and assault recording only 1% each in the run up to the by-election between 1st - 21st January 2017. In terms of disruption of political gatherings, opposition political parties and independent candidates who were campaigning had their meetings prevented from taking place or being disrupted through space invasion by their political opponents. Disrupting political activities for other contestants restricts the exercise of political rights both to citizens and political actors. Assault, on the other hand, involved beating of political opponents at rallies, public places and food distribution points. Madock Chivasa of NCA together with his election agent Thomas Mudzamiri, for instance, were assaulted at Nyika Growth Point while they were going about their business. Actors in the Pre-Election Day Violations Heal Zimbabwe established that most of the violations committed in Bikita West were largely meant to harvest fear for electoral victory. Members of the Executive arm of the government, Members of Parliament, ZANU PF leaders and supporters as well as Traditional leaders were the major actors in perpetrating human rights violations and inciting violence. Members of Parliament and the Executive who incited violence and perpetuated human rights violations in Bikita West include; the Masvingo Resident Minister, Hon Shuvai Mahofa, Josiah Hungwe (Minister of State for Liaising on Psychomotor Activities in Education Vocational Training), Joseph Chinotimba (Buhera South MP) Jeppy Jaboon (Bikita South MP) Webster Shamu (Chegutu East MP). Most of these government officials incited violence through their speeches at rallies as well as perpetuating human rights violations by acts of commission and omission. ZANU PF leaders and supporters participated in perpetuating intimidation and partisan distribution of food aid and farming inputs mostly. Traditional leaders perpetuated human rights violations by accepting to be used as political commissars who mobilised villagers to political rallies. They also commanded people to vote for a specific political party instead of maintaining neutrality as prescribed by law. For example Chief Mupakwa called for a meeting at his homestead on the 7th of January 2017 and commanded all people in attendance to vote for ZANU PF failure of which one would be 7