reason for their registering and voting than urban women, as well more likely to have heard about SiMuka through word of mouth. On the other hand, urban women were significantly more likely to have heard about SiMuka via the radio and television. Table 11: Effects of SiMuka [rural vs. urban] Did SiMuka influence your decision to vote? Did SiMuka influence your decision to register ? Heard about the SiMuka Campaign (Radio ) Heard about the SiMuka Campaign (TV) Heard about the SiMuka Campaign (Word of mouth ) Rural 78%* 83% * 21% 8% 41%* Urban 71% 74% 38%* 23%* 27% * (p=0.001) Thus, a number of differences have emerged between rural and urban women in respect of registration and voting, and these can be understood more clearly in the more general context of Zimbabwean elections and politics. Findings and Conclusions Whilst it is always encouraging to see women turn out to vote in elections, and even more gratifying to see that the turn out can be strongly increased by advocacy (and especially women-to-women advocacy), there is always a reality check on the actual process of the election and its outcome. The 2013 elections were mostly seen as being seriously flawed by many observed irregularities, although the results have perforce resulted in the new government being accepted as de facto due to the overwhelming majority obtained by the ZANU PF party in the Presidential and National Assembly elections17. We will not comment here on the results, but confine the comments and conclusions to the findings emerging from the data. The findings of the small qualitative study reported earlier are by and large found in this analysis. The previous study found that many women saw problems with voter registration and with voting, noting turn aways, assisted voting, irregularities with the Special Voting, and were dissatisfied with the outcome. But it was not possible to deduce any differences between rural and urban women. Here it can be seen that all these problems are reported by the SiMuka sample, but the problems are reported with much greater frequency by urban women. The significant differences can be shortly summarised in the following table. Here it must be noted that the differences found statistically often only relate to very small numbers, but it is the trend that matters. Table 12: Problems with elections [rural vs urban] Problems in registering Problems in voting Elections well run Witnessed irregularities Satisfied with elections [fair] Satisfied with elections [unfair] SiMuka influenced registration SiMuka influenced voting Rural No No Yes No Yes No Yes Yes Urban Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes This is somewhat oversimplified as will be recalled from the detailed findings. For example, both groups found that the elections were well-run, but the effect was much greater for the rural women. There was also the paradoxical finding that urban women reported that the election results reflected the will of the voters, which was interesting given they also reported more irregularities. However, since those reporting irregularities were 17 The detailed results of the Local Council have still not been released by the Zimbabwe Electoral Commission, and thus it is not possible to make any comment upon the face validity of these results. Page 14