5 Public seal
(1) There must be a public seal of Zimbabwe, showing the coat of arms of Zimbabwe with
the inscription "The Republic of Zimbabwe".
(2) The public seal of Zimbabwe must be kept by the President.
6 Languages
(1) All indigenous languages spoken in Zimbabwe, that is to say Shona, Sindebele, Venda,
Nambya, Shangaan, Kalanga, Suthu and Tonga, are recognised.
(2) The official languages are English, Shona and Sindebele.
7 Supremacy of Constitution
This Constitution is the supreme law of Zimbabwe, and if any other law, custom, conduct or
measure. is inconsistent with this-Constitution that law, custom, conduct or measure is invalid
to the extent of the inconsistency.
8 Promotion of public awareness of Constitution
The State must promote public awareness of this Constitution by–
(a) translating it into the languages that are used by substantial numbers. of people in
Zimbabwe and disseminating it as widely as possible;
(b) requiring this Constitution to be taught in educational institutions and as part of the
training of members of the Defence Forces, the Police Service, the Prison Service, the
Public Service and members and employees of public authorities; and
(c) encouraging civic organisations to disseminate awareness and knowledge of this
Constitution throughout society.
CHAPTER 11
FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES AND NATIONAL OBJECTIVES
PART I
FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONAL PRINCIPLES
9 Authority of the people
(1) The legal and political authority of the State derives from the people of Zimbabwe and
must be exercised, in accordance with this Constitution, solely to serve and protect the people's
interests.
(2) Everyone who exercises State power does so on trust for the people of Zimbabwe and
must exercise that power within the bounds of lawful authority and in accordance with his or her
responsibilities to the people.
10 National unity, peace and stability
(1) All organs and agencies of the State and Government, including local government, and
all the people of Zimbabwe, must promote national unity, peace and stability.
(2) The State and Government must make every effort to–
(a) integrate all the peoples of Zimbabwe while recognising their ethnic, religious,
political and cultural diversity; and
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